Object
To prepare molecular model of different compound.
Reference:
Requirement
model kits
Theory
In this experiment we will use ball and stick models to represent atoms and bonds in molecules and build molecular structures using these models.
In order to better understand chemical properties of molecules, it will help to be able to visualize the three dimensional structure.
The model kits consist of different colored balls with holes for the pegs that connect them. The balls are color coded and the holes correspond to the number of bonds each atom normally has.
We will not be using all of the different balls (atoms) provided in the kit. Notice that the number of holes in each ball corresponds to what chemists often refer to as the valence of an atom (in this case the usual valence for organic molecules).
Hydrogen and the halogens, chlorine, bromine and iodine, have only one bond to carbon. Oxygen forms two covalent bonds, nitrogen usually forms three covalent bonds, and carbon always forms 4 covalent bonds.
This gives rise to what is sometimes called the HONC rule; i.e., H has one bond, O has 2, N has 3 and C has 4 bonds in most neutral organic molecules.
making of molecules
- CO2
- Ethane(C2H6)
- Propane
- Methane (CH4)
- Butene
Result
Molecular model of organic compounds were prepared successfully.