{"id":1578,"date":"2025-05-21T08:38:49","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T08:38:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/?p=1578"},"modified":"2025-05-21T08:48:55","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T08:48:55","slug":"qualitative-analysis-of-unknown-organic-compound-for-function-group-detection-carboxylic-acid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/21\/qualitative-analysis-of-unknown-organic-compound-for-function-group-detection-carboxylic-acid\/","title":{"rendered":"Qualitative Analysis of unknown organic compound for function group detection (Carboxylic acid)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Experiment No. 5<\/strong><\/p>\n

Object: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Qualitative Analysis of unknown organic compound for function group detection (Carboxylic acid)<\/p>\n

Reference:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Agarwal O.P., Practical Organic chemistry, published by Krishna educational publisher, Edition 2014, page no.30-31<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u00a0Dr. Jain K.S., Dr. Miniyar P.B., A practical book of Pharmaceutical organic chemistry , Nirali publication, edition 4th, page No. 1.21-1.23<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Requirement:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Test tube, Beaker, Glass rod<\/p>\n

    Organic compound, Sod bicarbonate, HCl<\/p>\n

    Theory:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Organic compounds containing carboxyl functional groups are called carboxylic acids. The term carboxyl, derives its name from the combination of words carbonyl and hydroxyl because carboxylic functional group O contains both of these groups (\u2014C\u2014OH ). These acids turn blue litmus red and react with sodium hydrogencarbonate solution to produce effervescence due to the formation of carbon dioxide. This is a test that distinguishes carboxylic acids from phenols.<\/p>\n

    Procedure<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a01. SODIUM BICARBONATE TEST<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Take 0.2 g \/ 0.2 ml of unknown organic compound in test tube<\/li>\n
    2. Add 2-3 ml of aqueous NaHCO3 (10%)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Observation: 1. <\/strong><\/em>Effervescence of CO2<\/p>\n

      \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02. Reappearance of the solid substance after adding dil HCl<\/p>\n

      Inference: COOH group is present<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Reaction<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      R<\/span>\u2013<\/span>COO<\/span>H<\/span>+<\/span><\/span>N<\/span>a<\/span>H<\/span>C<\/span>O<\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span>R<\/span>\u2013<\/span>COON<\/span>a<\/span>+<\/span><\/span>C<\/span>O<\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2191<\/span><\/span>+<\/span>H<\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>O<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      2. ESTER TEST<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Take 0.2 gm\/0.2 ml of compound\u00a0 in test tube.<\/li>\n
      2. Add 5 ml of ethanol.<\/li>\n
      3. Add 2 drops of con. H2SO4<\/li>\n
      4. Heat it on boiling water bath.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Reaction:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        R<\/span>\u2013<\/span>COO<\/span>H<\/span>+<\/span><\/span>C<\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>H<\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>O<\/span>H—————-><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>R<\/span>\u2013<\/span>COO<\/span>C<\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>H<\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>+<\/span><\/span>H<\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>O (in presence of H<\/span>2<\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span>S<\/span>O<\/span>4)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        Observation: Fruity smell of ester<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Inference: -COOH group is present<\/strong><\/p>\n

        3. Ferric chloride test<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Take 0.05 gm of compound<\/li>\n
        2. Add 1ml of water and shake well.<\/li>\n
        3. Add 1-2 drops of alcoholic Fecl3 solution.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Observation:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Buff colored precipitate\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Benzoic acid\/pthalic acid<\/li>\n
          2. Violet colored precipitate\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Salicylic acid<\/li>\n
          3. Violet colored ppt obtained after heating\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Acetyl Salicylic acid<\/li>\n
          4. Yellow colored ppt\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cinammic acid<\/li>\n
          5. Faint raddish\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Succinic acid<\/li>\n
          6. Deep Yellow\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Citric acid<\/li>\n
          7. No change in FeCl3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Oxallic acid<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Result<\/strong><\/p>\n

            ——————functional group was found in given organic compound.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Experiment No. 5 Object: Qualitative Analysis of unknown organic compound for function group detection (Carboxylic acid) Reference:\u00a0 Agarwal O.P., Practical Organic chemistry, published by Krishna educational publisher, Edition 2014, page no.30-31 \u00a0Dr. Jain K.S., Dr. Miniyar P.B., A practical book of Pharmaceutical organic chemistry , Nirali publication, edition 4th, page No. 1.21-1.23 Requirement: Test tube, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_glsr_average":0,"_glsr_ranking":0,"_glsr_reviews":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1578"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1583,"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578\/revisions\/1583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medpharma12.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}